Analysis of 1 case of convulsion death caused by large dose of diquat poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

A retrospective analysis of a case of death from sudden convulsions caused by oral high-dose diquat was conducted, and the mechanism and treatment of central damage caused by diquat were investigated to lay the foundation for increasing the success rate of treatment of high-dose diquat poisoning. At the same time, at the same time, our clinical treatment experience has also been accumulated.

Comparison of Relative Molecular Weight Distribution and Immune Activity of Polysaccharides in Polygonati Rhizoma Before and After Processing / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the relative molecular weight and distribution of polysaccharides in Polygonati Rhizoma （PR） before and after processing， as well as the effects of different polysaccharide fractions on immune function and inflammatory response of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Method:High-performance gel permeation chromatography （HPGPC） was used to determine the relative molecular weight and distribution of polysaccharides in PR （named SC） and polysaccharides in PR processed with wine （named JC）， and polysaccharide fractions with different relative molecular weights were obtained by dialysis. Different polysaccharide fractions were applied to mouse peritoneal macrophages， which was normal or induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. Cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method was used to select the optimal administration concentration. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>） and interleukin-1<italic>β</italic> （IL-1<italic>β</italic>） in the cell supernatant. The Griess method was used to detect the concentration of nitric oxide （NO）. Result:SC and JC could be divided into four parts according to relative molecular weight and its distribution range， including part Ⅰ（14 800-2 273 kDa）， part Ⅱ（2 148-296 kDa）， part Ⅲ（12-1 kDa） and part Ⅳ（818-362 Da）. Based on the differences of part Ⅰ and part Ⅲ after processing， the SC and JC were divided into two-part according to the weight-average relative molecular weight （<italic>M</italic>_W）. For normal mouse peritoneal macrophages， JC could significantly promote the secretion of TNF-<italic>α</italic> （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while SC had no significant effect. Four polysaccharide fractions， named SD （SC fraction with <italic>M</italic>_W>50 kDa）， JD （JC fraction with <italic>M</italic>_W>50 kDa）， SX （SC fraction with <italic>M</italic>_W<50 kDa） and JX （JC fraction with <italic>M</italic>_W<50 kDa）， also could<italic> </italic>significantly promote the secretion of TNF-<italic>α</italic> （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， but only JX could significantly promote the secretion of NO （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. In addition， the effect of JX group stimulated secretion of TNF-<italic>α</italic> was better than the JD group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. For the LPS-induced macrophage model， JC and SC group could<italic> </italic>significantly inhibit the secretion of TNF-<italic>α</italic> and IL-1<italic>β</italic> （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the effect of JC was stronger. To compare different polysaccharide fractions， the impact of JX on inhibiting the secretion of TNF-<italic>α</italic> and IL-1<italic>β</italic> was<italic> </italic>significantly stronger than JD （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and SX inhibited the secretion of TNF-<italic>α</italic> was significantly stronger than SD （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:The relative molecular weight and distribution of polysaccharides in PR before and after processing have changed. JC and SC improve the immune regulation mainly by inhibiting the inflammatory response， the fraction of <italic>M</italic>_W<50 kDa is the main effective part， and the effect of PR polysaccharides in inhibiting the inflammatory is enhanced after processing with wine.

Prediction of occupational coal workers′ pneumoconiosis incidence by a multi-layer perceptron neural network model / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To construct and verify the incidence prediction model of occupational coal workers′ pneumoconiosis(CWP) in coal mine workers exposed to dust(hereinafter referred to as ″dust exposure″) based on a multi-layer perceptron(MLP) neural network, and explore its application value in predicting CWP incidence. METHODS: A total of 17 023 dust exposed workers in a coal mining group in Hebei Province from 1970 to 2017 were selected as the research subjects by a typical sampling method. Among them, 839 patients were confirmed as CWP and 16 185 workers did not suffered from CWP. The MLP neural network model was established with the incidence of CWP as the target output variable, and the type of work, age, beginning year of dust exposure, observation year(i.e. incubation period) and cumulative dust exposure as the input variable. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of the built model. The established model was used to predict the high-risk group and key monitoring group population of CWP in dust-exposed workers in the following 10 years. RESULTS: There were 44 synapses in the hidden layer of the established MLP neural network model. The area under ROC curve was 0.91. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the model were 92.7%, 74.8% and 93.6%, respectively. In the validation samples, the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 92.1%, 70.5% and 93.2%, respectively. The MLP neural network model was used to predict 1 534 workers with high risk of CWP in the following 10 years, and the individuals were located. The number of workers in need of actively monitored was 7 599. Among them, it is predicted that the incidence of CWP in different types of dust exposed workers in the following 10 years from high to low is tunneling worker, coal miner, mixing worker and auxiliary worker(P<0.01). The earlier the dust exposure began, the higher the risk of CWP(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The MLP neural network model based on the type of work, age, beginning year of dust exposure, incubation period and cumulative dust exposure has a good performance in predicting the incidence of CWP in coal mine dust exposure workers, and can provide a reference for early preventive management measures to prevent and cure CWP.

A combined quality evaluation method that integrates chemical constituents, appearance traits and origins of raw Rehmanniae Radix pieces / 中国天然药物

The quality control of Chinese herbal medicine is a current challenge for the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional quality evaluation methods lack quantitative analysis, while modern quality evaluation methods ignore the origins and appearance traits. Therefore, an integrated quality evaluation method is urgent in need. Raw Rehmanniae Radix (RRR) is commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine. At present, much attention has been drwan towards its quality control, which however is limited by the existing quality evaluation methods. The present study was designed to establish a comprehensive and practical method for the quality evaluation and control of RRR pieces based on its chemical constituents, appearance traits and origins. Thirty-three batches of RRR pieces were collected from six provinces, while high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to determine the following five constituents, including catalpol, rehmannioside A, rehmannioside D, leonuride and verbascoside in RRR pieces. Their appearance traits were quantitatively observed. Furthermore, correlation analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), cluster analysis and t-test were performed to evaluate the qualities of RRR pieces. These batches of RRR pieces were divided into three categories: samples from Henan province, samples from Shandong and Shanxi provinces, and those from other provinces. Furthermore, the chemical constituents and appearance traits of RRR pieces were significantly different from diverse origins. The combined method of chemical contituents, appearance traits and origins can distinguish RRR pieces with different qualities, which provides basic reference for the quality control of Chinese herbal medicine.

Management system and development strategy of quality Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

The development of quality Chinese medicine is an important way to improve the quality of Chinese medicine, and ensure the safety and effectiveness of Chinese medicine. This article systematically elaborates the definition, classification, standard and mana-gement certification strategy of quality Chinese medicine. We present the quality Chinese medicine which is higher quality than that of eligible Chinese medicine based on quality control standards. Quality Chinese medicine is strictly in accordance with management procedures, likely GAP and GMP et al, during the productive process, which quality indicators is higher than that of the current relevant national quality standards, such as Chinese Pharmacopoeia(ChP) et al; its limited indicators such as exogenous pollutants and endogenous toxic substances are lower than that of the current relevant national quality standards, likely ChP et al; meanwhile these Chinese herbal medicine, medicinal pieces, patent medicines, and health products and foods with Chinese medicine raw materials are been certificated by quality Chinese medicine. At the same time, this article systematically expounds the five major management systems of quality Chinese medicine, including technical training management for practitioners, productive process management, standard mana-gement, quality inspection and certification management, and product traceability management. And we put forward strategies to improve the supervision and management system, and promote the standardization and development of quality Chinese medicine by improving the technical management system of quality Chinese medicine, strengthening the quality management system and six sigma(6σ) management in the company. These strategies will provide a reliable basis and effective way to improve the quality of Chinese medicine.

Biomechanical study on femoroplasty-augmentation for prevention of osteoporotic hip fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore whether femoral plasty can improve the fracture resistance of osteoporotic femoral specimens and prevent hip fracture, and to compare the difference of mechanical strength changes between two different femoral plasty methods in osteoporotic femoral specimens, so as to determine the best strengthening area of the plasty.@*METHODS@#Eighteen pairs of fresh osteoporotic femur specimens were collected and divided into two groups, A and B, 9 pairs in each group. Nine fresh osteoporotic femur specimens in each group were randomly selected for enhancement, and the corresponding contralateral specimens were used as control group. In group A1, the enhancement areas were femoral head, femoral neck, femoral trochanter and subtrochantericregion. And in group B1, the enhancement areas were femoral head, femoral neck and femoral trochanter region. The amount of cement injected into the femoral neck was recorded and the surface temperature of the femoral neck was measured. All specimens were biomechanically tested under simulated falls. Load-displacement curves, final loads were recorded. The final energy and stiffness of specimens were calculated. The biomechanical differences between the specimens of the enhancement group and those of the corresponding control group were compared, and the mechanical changes of the specimens by two different enhancement methods were compared.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the ultimate load and energy of the specimens in the enhanced group increased significantly, but the stiffness did not change significantly. There was no significant difference in final load and energy between specimens strengthened by two different methods.@*CONCLUSION@#Femoral plasty has the advantages of minimally invasive, simple operationand remarkable effect. It can be used as a new method to prevent osteoporotic hip fracture.

Endogenous formaldehyde regulates memory / 生理学报

Formaldehyde is one of the simplest organic small molecules containing C, H and O elements in the early stage of earth's evolution; however, it has been found to be existed in every eukaryotic cell and participate in "one carbon metabolism". Recent studies have shown that formaldehyde may act as a signal molecule to regulate memory formation. After electrical stimulation or learning activity, the levels of formaldehyde in rat brains were increased instantly, and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor was activated to promote the formation of long-term potentiation (LTP) or spatial memory. On the contrary, after reducing the levels of formaldehyde in the brains, NMDA receptor could not be activated, which was accompanied by the deficits in both LTP and memory. Moreover, in the brains of normal aged rats and APP/PS1 transgenic mice, the concentrations of formaldehyde were abnormally increased, which directly inhibited NMDA receptor activity and impaired spatial memory. This article reviewed the physiological and pathophysiological functions of endogenous formaldehyde in learning and memory.

Study on Formation Mechanism of National Drug Standards Based on Standard Investigation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing Granules / 中国实验方剂学杂志

This paper, taking the formulation of national drug standards for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) dispensing granules as a case study, explores the improvement of the formation mechanism of national drug standards, and promotes the reform of streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services of national standards management, so as to release the vitality of the research and development of standards of drug manufacturers. After nearly two decades of pilot production of TCM dispensing granules, a large number of researches and discussions have been conducted on the formulation of unified standards of TCM dispensing granules from manufacturing enterprises to national standard administration departments, it was found that this work was difficult on the basis of the original drug standard formation mechanism. The authors tried to improve and innovate the formation mechanism of national drug standards, to provide methods and ideas for the formulation and unification of national standards for TCM dispensing granules, and to provide references for the formulation of other national drug standards.

Research Progress of Animal Model of Tic Disorder and Its Application in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Tic disorder （TD） is a neurodevelopmental disorder， with one or more motor and/or vocal disorders as the main symptoms. It brings many inconveniences to children's learning and life， and has a profound impact on children's character building. The pathogenesis of TD is mainly correlated with neurotransmitter release disorder， neuroimmune， genetic， trace element imbalance， diet and other factors， but has not been completely clear up to now. Western Medicine has obvious effects on TD， but with serious side effects. Compared with western medicine， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has the advantages of low adverse reactions and definite and lasting effect， and thus has been widely recognized by children and their families. In order to explore the pathogenesis of TD and the specific mechanism of TCM in the treatment of TD， many scholars have carried out a large number of in-depth animal experiments and made some achievements， but also exposed some defects， such as the single modeling method， failed to take into account other pathogenesis of TD， failure to combine the specific syndromes of TCM for targeted modeling， and failure to reflect the dialectic of TCM on the characteristics of governance. This paper reviews the modeling methods of common animal models， the comparison of advantages and disadvantages， and the changes of behavioral and biochemical indicators before and after the intervention with TCM compounds on TD animal models， so as to provide reference for the selection of animal models in future animal experimental research.

Research on Textual Research and Methods of Chinese Herbs in Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

As the essential part of tratidional Chinese medicine(TCM), the research and development of classic formula have become a hot spot in TCM industry. However, with the change of the age, the species, medical part and origin of TCM have more or less changed. It is of great significance for the safety and effectiveness of the classical prescription to clarify the varieties and medicinal parts of TCM. In this paper, based on the discussion of the methods of textual research on the Chinese herbs, the species and medical parts, origin of Chinese herbs in a list of 100 famous classical formulas which promulgated by the state administration of TCM were analyzed. The textual research of Chinese herbs shows that most of the herbs involved in the classical formula have the problems of species, medical part, and origin. Therefore, it is of great significance for the selection of the species and medical parts, origin of the Chinese herbs in the research and development process of the classical formula.

Comparison of Total Daily Doses of 16 Active Components in Three Dosage Forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To compare the total daily doses of 16 active components in big honeyed pills, concentrated pills and tablets of Fuzi Lizhongwan. Method:Three dosage forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan were prepared according to the process described in the literature. RRLC-QqQ-MS was employed to analyze the contents of 16 active ingredients with mobile phase of 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution-0.1%formic acid acetonitrile solution for gradient elution,the separation was performed on a Accucore RP-MS column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.6 μm) with a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1 and the column temperature at 30℃, the mass spectrometry condition was electrospray ion source, positive and negative ion switching mode for detection, multi-reaction monitoring mode(MRM) for scanning. The contents of 16 active ingredients were calculated, and the normalization arithmetic method was used for comparing the total daily doses of these active ingredients in three dosage forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan. Result:Processed products of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata were used as raw powder in preparation process of the three dosage forms, so there was no significant difference in the contents of six alkaloids in the three dosage forms, while the contents of other 10 active ingredients from Zingiberis Rhizoma, Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle were significantly higher in big honeyed pills than those in concentrated pills or tablets(PConclusion:The total daily doses of 16 active ingredients in the three dosage forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan are significantly different caused by preparation process, prescription and dosage.

RAM study on general standard of maximum residue limits for pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia formula / 中国中药杂志

The excessive pesticide residues and heavy metals in traditional Chinese medicine seriously endanger human health and the sustainable development of Chinese medicine industry. In order to improve the quality of traditional Chinese medicine and establish a general standard for maximum residue limits(MRL) of pesticides in pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine and decoction pieces, and to ensure the safety of clinical medication from its origin, MRLs were calculated based on the formula(MRL=A×W/100M) from Chinese Pharmacopeia, comparing it with the current Chinese and international standards as well as literature review, the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method(RAM) was applied to determine the categories and MRLs of pesticides in pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine and decoction pieces. Two questionnaires were drafted for expert panel and appropriateness analysis was carried out with the 9-point Likert scale to determine the general standard for MRLs of pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine and decoction pieces. The results showed that a total of nine experts from different fields scored the necessity of standard-setting and 206 pesticide residue limits respectively. The appropriateness scores of 206 pesticides were greater than 7, and appropriateness rate was 100%, which signifies that the expert panel has reached consensus. In summary, based on the RAM, the general standard for maximum residue limits of pesticides in pollution-free Chinese medicines and decoction pieces has reached an expert consensus. Comparing with the MRLs of medicinal plants and plant-sourced food from CAC, Europe Union, the United States, South Korea, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and Canada, 206 MRLs from this general standard share 88.8% in common, 4.4% of which is higher and 6.8% lower than those international standards. This has provided a basis for standardizing the use of pesticides in pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine.

Advance in Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Alzheimer's Disease (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a noninvasive and painless brain stimulation technique, can improve cognition and alleviate behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease through several mechanisms associated with neuronal plasticity, brain network, neurotransmitter, neurotrophic factors, and so on.

Comparative study on fixation effects of intramedullary nail and medial locking plate for distal tibial fractures / 中华创伤杂志

Objective A finite element analysis was conducted on the biomechanics of the locking plate and intramedullary nail fixation for the treatment of distal tibial fractures,and the resuhs were verified combined with clinical cases,so as to provide references for clinical treatment.Methods (1) Finite element analysis:the three-dimensional CT data of the lower limbs of a healthy male volunteer were used to establish a finite element model.The internal stress distribution of the tibial plateau was set to 60％ of the total load by intramedullary nail and locking plate respectively,and the tibia end was fixed effectively.400 N axial pressure load which equaled to that of adult knee joint during single axis standing was simulated.The equivalent stress and displacement of the model by different fixations were compared.(2) Clinical verification:a retrospective case control study was performed on the clinical data of 37 cases of distal tibia1 fractures treated with internal fixation from June 2015 to December 2016,including 17 cases in intramedullary nail group and 20 in locking plate group.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative fracture healing time,and postoperative Johner-Wruhs score of patients were recorded for comprehensive assessment of recovery.Results (1) The finite element analysis results:the maximum stress value was 5.907 MPa for intramedullary nail and 5.821 MPa for locking plate model (P ＞0.05),respectively.The maximum displacement of intramedullary nail model was 2.313 mm,lower than that of locking plate fixation system (3.854 rmm) (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Clinical verification:the operation time and intraoperative blood loss of intramedullary nail were both lower than those of locking plate [(114.1 ±21.6)minutes):(129.8±21.4)minutes and (152.9 ±64.88)ml:(212.5 ±98.5)ml](P ＜0.05).The average fracture healing time was (17.7 ± 2.8)weeks for intramedullary nail and (20.6 ± 4.1) weeks for locking plate (P ＜ 0.05),respectively.In the intramedullary nail group,the Johner Wruhs score was excellent in 13 cases and good in four cases,with excellent and good rate of 100％,while in the locking plate group,nine cases were excellent,eight were good,and three were fair,with excellent and good rate of 85％ (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In terms of biomechanics and clinical effect,intramedullary nail fixation is superior than the medial locking plate fixation for the treatment of the distal tibial fractures.Intramedullary nail fixation can reduce surgical trauma and bone displacement after fixation and promote fracture healing.

Metabolic Characteristics of Leucocyte-deplated and Suspended RBC Produced by Using Lipid Whole Blood During Routine Storage / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the differences of metabolic pathways of leucocyte-deplated RBCs prepared by using lipid whole blood and nomal blood during routine storage so as to provide some reference for clinical blood use.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty U whole blood from 20 donors, including 10 U lipid blood and 10 U normal whole blood, were selected for preparing leukodepleted red blood cells, red blood cells were taken from storage bags on day 0, 14 and 35, respectively. Metabolites in the red blood cells were analyzed, red blood cell metabolic extracts were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. The metabolite data of RBC from 2 groups were analyzed by SIMCA-P 13.0 software using OPLS-DA and by SPSS 19.0 using Mann-Whitney U test. Difference of metabolic pathways was described according to different metabolites.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The glucose, adenine, pyruvic acid, GSH, GSSG and niacinamide levels on day 0 in lipid RBCs were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The glucose, pyruvic acid and GSH levels on day 14 in lipid RBCs were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of adenine, GSSG and niacinamide were higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The glucose level on day 0 was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of adenine and niacinamide were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). but the pyruvic acid, GSH and GSSG levels were not significantly different between 2 groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with the normal red blood cells, the energy metabolism pathway decreases in lipid red blood cells within the storage period and pentose phosphate pathway increases.</p>

Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial risk calculator for evaluating the risk of prostate cancer in the high-risk Chinese population / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial risk calculator (PCPT-RC) is an online tool for assessing the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) based on age, race, serum PSA, biopsy history, family history, and other factors. This study aimed to investigate the value, sensitivity and specificity of the PCPT-RC 2.0 in assessing the risk of PCa in the Chinese high-risk population.@*METHODS@#This study included 622 patients with the high risk of PCa characterized by high serum PSA (PSA >3 μg/L) or abnormality in digital rectal examination or imaging of the prostate. According to the results of prostate biopsy, we divided the patients into a PCa and a non-PCa group and used the PCPT-RC 2.0 for evaluation of all the cases followed by statistical analysis.@*RESULTS@#PCa was detected in 264 (42.4%) of the 622 patients, including 126 cases of high-grade malignancy. Compared with the non-PCa group, the PCa patients showed a significantly older age (［68.40 ± 7.30］ vs ［72.80 ± 7.20］ yr, P 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The PCPT risk score is valuable in predicting the risk of PCa in China, which may play a better role than the serum PSA level in screening PCa and avoid unnecessary prostate biopsy, though its advantage is not so obvious in identifying high-grade malignancy. A prediction tool needs to be established for evaluating the risk of PCa in the Chinese population.

Icariside Ⅱ improves left ventricular cardiomyocyte apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the effect of icariside Ⅱ(ICS Ⅱ)on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Thirty male 13-week-old SHRs were randomly divided into model group,ICS Ⅱ low, medium,high and positive drug group (n = 6),ho-mologous male Wistar-Kyoto rats as control group (n =6). After a week of adaptive feeding,ICS Ⅱ low,me-dium and high dose groups were given ICS Ⅱ 4,8,16 mg · kg - 1 (ig,qd),and the positive drug group was given losartan 20 mg·kg - 1 . At the same time,the WKY and SHR group were given equal volume double distilled water. After 12 weeks of administration,the blood pressure was measured in rats. Then,the rats were sacrificed and the left ventricles were separated in order to calculate the left ventricular mass index. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the left ventricle,and the apoptosis of the left ventricu-lar myocardium was detected by TUNEL staining. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA in left ventricle were detected by real time RT-PCR,and Bcl-2,Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expressions were detec-ted by Western blot. Results Compared with WKY group,the blood pressure and left ventricular mass in-dex increased in SHR group (P < 0. 05),and the my-ocardial cell arrangement was disordered and the cell hypertrophy and apoptosis were obvious,accompanied by rupture of filament ;the level of Bax mRNA was up-regulated (P < 0. 05),and Bcl-2 mRNA was down-regulated (P < 0. 05 );the expressions of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein were up-regulated (P <0. 05),and the level of Bcl-2 protein was down-regu-lated (P < 0. 05 ),and the ratio of Bax / Bcl-2 in-creased (P < 0. 05). Compared with SHR group,the blood pressure and left ventricular mass index de-creased in ICS Ⅱ middle,high group and the positive drug group (P < 0. 05);moreover,the arrangement of myocardial cells became more orderly,the cell hyper-trophy and the apoptosis of myocardial cells were im-proved;the level of Bax mRNA was down-regulated and Bcl-2 mRNA was up-regulated (P < 0. 05);the expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase3 protein were down-regulated and the level of Bcl-2 protein was up-regulated (P < 0. 05 );the ratio of Bax / Bcl-2 de-creased (P < 0. 05). Conclusions ICS Ⅱ can im-prove the left ventricular cardiomyocytes apoptosis in SHR,and its mechanism is related to the decrease of blood pressure and the inhibition of mitochondrial ap-optosis pathway.

Efficacy of different kinds of artificial tears treatment in patients with xerophthalmia after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To explore efficacy of the different kinds of artificial tears treatment in patients with xerophthalmia after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation.METHODS:Totally 280 patients (280 eyes) with xerophthalmia after operation in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were selected.According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into control group (n=70;treated with tobramycin and dexamethasone eye ointment 3 times per day for 1wk, levofloxacin eye drops 3 times per day for 1wk, pranoprofen eye drops 4 times per day for 1mo), polyacrylic acid group (n=70;besides the treatment of control group, polyacrylic acid was used 4 times per for 1mo), polyethylene glycol group(n=70;besides the treatment of control group, polyethylene glycol was used 4 times per for 1mo) and sodium hyaluronate group (n=70;besides the treatment of control group, sodium hyaluronate was used 4 times per for 1mo).The tear film break up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt), symptoms of dry eye and corneal staining in four groups were observed.RESULTS:(1) BUT:The BUT of the four groups significantly increased after treatment(P0.05);sodium hyaluronate group was significant lower than other groups in corneal staining score at 3wk and 1mo after treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Artificial tears in the treatment of xerophthalmia after cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation has better clinical efficacy, which contains sodium hyaluronate may be the better than others.

Status and suggestions for adjuvant standard for Chinese materia medica processing in China / 中国中药杂志

In this paper, the status of adjuvant standard for Chinese materia medica processing in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition, the National Specification of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, and the 29 provincial specification of Chinese materia medica was summarized, and the the status including general requirements, specific requirements, and quality standard in the three grade official specifications was collected and analyzed according to the "medicine-adjuvant homology" and "food-adjuvant homology" features of adjuvants. This paper also introduced the research situation of adjuvant standard for Chinese materia medica processing in China; In addition, analyzed and discussed the problems existing in the standard system of adjuvant for Chinese materia medica processing, such as lack of general requirements, low level of standard, inconsistent standard references, and lack of research on the standard, and provided suggestions for the further establishment of the national standards system of adjuvant for Chinese materia medica processing.

A strategy of constructing the technological system for quality control of Chinese medicine based on process control and management / 中国中药杂志

The current situation, bottleneck problems and severe challenges in quality control technology of Chinese Medicine (CM) are briefly described. It is presented to change the phenomenon related to the post-test as the main means and contempt for process control in drug regulation, reverse the situation of neglecting the development of process control and management technology for pharmaceutical manufacture and reconstruct the technological system for quality control of CM products. The regulation and technology system based on process control and management for controlling CM quality should be established to solve weighty realistic problems of CM industry from the root causes, including backwardness of quality control technology, weakness of quality risk control measures, poor reputation of product quality and so on. By this way, the obstacles from poor controllability of CM product quality could be broken. Concentrating on those difficult problems and weak links in the technical field of CM quality control, it is proposed to build CMC (Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls) regulation for CM products with Chinese characteristics and promote the regulation international recognition as soon as possible. The CMC technical framework, which is clinical efficacy-oriented, manufacturing manner-centered and process control-focused, was designed. To address the clinical characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the production feature of CM manufacture, it is suggested to establish quality control engineering for CM manufacturing by integrating pharmaceutical analysis, TCM chemistry, TCM pharmacology, pharmaceutical engineering, control engineering, management engineering and other disciplines. Further, a theoretical model of quality control engineering for CM manufacturing and the methodology of digital pharmaceutical engineering are proposed. A technology pathway for promoting CM standard and realizing the strategic goal of CM internationalization is elaborated.